DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. ReductStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#384	Overall
	#44	Time Series DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.h2database.com

hsqldb.org

github.com/reductstore
www.reduct.store

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

www.reduct.store/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Thomas Mueller

ReductStore LLC

Initial release

2013

2012

2005

2001

2023

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

1.9, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Business Source License 1.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Java, SQL

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

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18 January 2024, Atos

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14 May 2024, TechCrunch

Hundreds of Google Firebase websites might have leaked data online
19 March 2024, TechRadar

provided by Google News

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

provided by Google News

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