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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. EsgynDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. EsgynDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.16
Rank#329  Overall
#146  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.esgyn.cnwww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaEsgynFirebird FoundationMicrosoft
Initial release201320152000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2019
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava Stored ProceduresPSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication between multi datacentersSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache ImpalaEsgynDBFirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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