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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument storeRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.h2database.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaElasticGoogleThomas MuellerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20132010200820052004
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.6, January 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)yesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaJava
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesusing Google App EngineJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication using PaxosWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaElasticsearchGoogle Cloud DatastoreH2RDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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