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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TempoIQ vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TempoIQ vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablestempoiq.com (offline)github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlduckdb.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftTempoIQJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132018201220122019
Current release4.1.0, June 20220.10, February 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-lesshostedAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnonolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP APIHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenononono
Triggersnononoyes infoRealtime Alertsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDoptimistic lockingnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturessimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDuckDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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