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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDrizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2013200820192014
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.2.4, September 2012cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGNU GPLcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infowith proprietary extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnono infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDrizzleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
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