DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. H2GIS vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. H2GIS vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Spatial extension of H2

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.39
Rank	#155	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	2.58
Rank	#105	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

dgraph.io/docs

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

CNRS

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

2013

2016

2013

2009

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

based on H2

Triggers

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

none

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

based on H2

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Planned for future releases

yes

based on H2

yes

users and table-level permissions

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

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3 June 2024, MarkTechPost

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

Graph Database Market size to grow by USD 7.40 billion between 2022 - 2027 | Growth Driven by Lack of standardization and programming flexibility - Technavio
13 December 2023, Yahoo Finance

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