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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenTSDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenTSDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Scalable Time Series DBMS based on HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spanneropentsdb.net
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsopentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.Googlecurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributors
Initial release2013201620172011
Current release4.1.0, June 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoLGPL
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tags
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Telnet API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerOpenTSDB
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