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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Derby vs. Lovefield vs. searchxml vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Derby vs. Lovefield vs. searchxml vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonsearchxml  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptDBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application serverVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSNative XML DBMS
Search engine
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Native XML DBMS
#25  Search engines
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbygoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.searchxml.net/­category/­productsvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.searchxml.net/­support/­handoutsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationGoogleinformationpartners gmbhOpenLink Software
Initial release20131997201420151998
Current release4.1.0, June 202210.17.1.0, November 20232.1.12, February 20171.07.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariWindowsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCRESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaJavaScriptC++ infomost other programming languages supported via APIs.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava Stored Proceduresnoyes infoon the application serveryes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersnoyesUsing read-only observersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationnoneyes infosychronisation to multiple collectionsChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDmultiple readers, single writerACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoDomain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application servicesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBLovefieldsearchxmlVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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Apache ImpalaDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBLovefieldsearchxmlVirtuoso
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