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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­torodb/­servervitess.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comdoc.nuodb.comvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.8KdataThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20132012201320162013
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 202315.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureC++JavaGo
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava, SQLyes infoproprietary syntax
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infotunable commit protocolnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and rolesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicNuoDBToroDBVitess
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