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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. EJDB vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. EJDB vs. Lovefield

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#296  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.datomic.comduckdb.orggithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbgoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectSoftmotionsGoogle
Initial release20132012201820122014
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.7075, December 20231.0.0, June 20242.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoGPLv2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureC++CJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMserver-lessserver-lessserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
in-process shared library
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoTransaction Functionsnonono
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possibleyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoRead/Write Lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnononono

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDatomicDuckDBEJDBLovefield
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