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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Databricks vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Databricks vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDatabricks  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopThe Databricks Lakehouse Platform combines elements of data lakes and data warehouses to provide a unified view onto structured and unstructured data. It is based on Apache Spark.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score81.08
Rank#15  Overall
#2  Document stores
#10  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#316  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.databricks.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerterminusdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.databricks.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDatabricksMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2013201320192018
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementswith Databricks SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCPython
R
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions and aggregatesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaDatabricksMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
Specific characteristicsSupported database models : In addition to the Document store and Relational DBMS...
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