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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cubrid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cubrid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Sphinx

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.20
Rank#169  Overall
#78  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score5.98
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlsphinxsearch.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcubrid.org/­manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersphinxsearch.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesSphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release20132008201919942001
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.0, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 20213.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, C++, JavaCC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infofull-text index on all search fields
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava Stored ProceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCubridMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLSphinx
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