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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Firebird vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Firebird vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.firebirdsql.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsFirebird FoundationGoogle
Initial release201320152000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2014
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20235.0.0, January 20242.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC and C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoPSQLno
TriggersnonoyesUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBFirebirdLovefield
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