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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. mSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. mSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlprometheus.iowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comprometheus.io/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHughes TechnologiesOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132010199420152005
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20184.4, October 202112.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CCGoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesnonoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynonenoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCitusmSQL infoMini SQLPrometheusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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Apache ImpalaCitusmSQL infoMini SQLPrometheusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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