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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. MarkLogic vs. RethinkDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. MarkLogic vs. RethinkDB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.marklogic.comrethinkdb.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.marklogic.comrethinkdb.com/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMarkLogic Corp.The Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20132010200120092014
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 201811.0, December 20222.4.1, August 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++C++C++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL92noyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptJava Stored Procedures
TriggersnoyesyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding inforange basedSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replicationyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsyesyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyes infousers and table-level permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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