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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Manticore Search vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Manticore Search vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonManticore Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMulti-storage database for search, including full-text search.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeTime Series DBMS infousing the Manticore Columnar Library
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#312  Overall
#21  Search engines
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.commanticoresearch.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.commanual.manticoresearch.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaManticore SoftwareMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20132010201720162016
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20186.0, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesFixed schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesInt, Bigint, Float, Timestamp, Bit, Int array, Bigint array, JSON, Booleanyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityCan index from XMLnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Binary API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/SQL API
SQL over MySQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication based on Galera libraryyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyes infoisolated transactions for atomic changes and binary logging for safe writesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Manticore index.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusManticore SearchMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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