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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. eXtremeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. eXtremeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.mcobject.comhsqldb.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMcObjectDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20132010200120012013
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20188.2, 20212.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC and C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno infosupport of XML interfaces availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesJava, SQLJava, SQL
Triggersnoyesyes infoby defining eventsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
noneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCituseXtremeDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDB
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCituseXtremeDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDB
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