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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. NuoDB vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. NuoDB vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.21
Rank#322  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhsqldb.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasequasar.ai
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldoc.nuodb.comdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.quasardb
Initial release20132010200120132009
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20182.7.2, June 20233.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infolimited edition freecommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java, SQLJava, SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoTemporary tableyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBNuoDBQuasardb
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