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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Hive vs. mSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Hive vs. mSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhive.apache.orghughestech.com.au/­products/­msql
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Home
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookHughes Technologies
Initial release2013201020121994
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20183.1.3, April 20224.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree licenses can be provided
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusHivemSQL infoMini SQL
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