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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Hive vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Hive vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhive.apache.orgtrino.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Hometrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookTrino Software Foundation
Initial release2013201020122012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20183.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageC++CJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factordepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnodepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCitusHiveTrino
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusHiveTrino
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