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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Hive vs. PlanetScale

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Hive vs. PlanetScale

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhive.apache.orgplanetscale.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homeplanetscale.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookPlanetScale
Initial release2013201020122020
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20183.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaGo
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VMDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusHivePlanetScale
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