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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. GigaSpaces vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. GigaSpaces vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Wide column storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
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DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#188  Overall
#32  Document stores
#6  Object oriented DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.gigaspaces.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablesgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGigaspaces TechnologiesMicrosoftJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132010200020122019
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 201815.5, September 20201.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJava, C++, .NetClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatanono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-99 for query and DML statementsnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesnono
Triggersnoyesyes, event driven architecturenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusGigaSpacesMicrosoft Azure Table StorageXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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