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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Quasardb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Distributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.exasol.comquasar.ai
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaExasolquasardb
Initial release2013201020002009
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20183.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infoHadoop integrationwith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusEXASOLQuasardb
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