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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TempoIQ

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score97.71
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score10.22
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score799.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servertempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftTempoIQ
Initial release2008201319892012
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20244.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyesnoyesyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple authentication-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraApache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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More resources
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