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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. GraphDB vs. JanusGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Impala vs. GraphDB vs. JanusGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.76
Rank#99  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.85
Rank#134  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgimpala.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comjanusgraph.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.janusgraph.org
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOntotextLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius
Initial release2008201320002017
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20244.1.0, June 202210.4, October 20231.0.0, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducewell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingnoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication factorMulti-source replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraApache ImpalaGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
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