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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgbasex.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBaseX GmbHMicrosoftQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release2013200720192014
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanomultiple readers, single writernoACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBaseXMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
Apache ImpalaBaseXMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDB
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