DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. HarperDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. HarperDB vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

HarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Native XML DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.56
Rank	#141	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#243	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	1.11
Rank	#174	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.basex.org

docs.harperdb.io/docs

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

BaseX GmbH

HarperDB

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

2013

2007

2017

2022

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.2, August 2024

3.1, August 2021

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Node.js

Rust

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like data manipulation statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Triggers

yes

via events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

Access rights for users and roles

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources

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