DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

iotdb.apache.org

realm.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2013

2018

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.1.0, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Native API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

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More resources

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

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24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

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27 October 2017, KDnuggets

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Apache Promotes IoT Database Project
25 September 2020, Datanami

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15 October 2020, The New Stack

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