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DBMS > Apache HBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache HBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache HBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.62
Rank#27  Overall
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#16  Graph DBMS
Websitehbase.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannersurrealdb.com
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetGoogleSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release200820172022
Current release2.3.4, January 2021v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaRust
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in Javano
Triggersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache HBaseGoogle Cloud SpannerSurrealDB
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