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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Pinecone vs. Virtuoso vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Pinecone vs. Virtuoso vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA managed, cloud-native vector databaseVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#2  Vector DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.pinecone.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosowww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsPinecone Systems, IncOpenLink SoftwareJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2012201919982019
Current release29.0.1, April 20247.2.11, September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesString, Number, Booleanyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Python.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoVirtuoso PLno
Triggersnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidPineconeVirtuosoXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidPineconeVirtuosoXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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