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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP IQ vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP IQ vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infocolumn-orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmlsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftSAP, formerly SybaseSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2012201919942022
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases16.1 SPS04, April 2019v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaRust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.SAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQSurrealDB
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