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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Quasardb vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquasar.aiwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftquasardbStardog-Union
Initial release2012201920092010
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.14.1, January 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensescommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infointeger and binaryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infowith tagsyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoconsistent hashingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with selectable replication factorMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkwith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTransient modeyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAzure Active Directory AuthenticationCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailAccess rights for users and roles

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Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuasardbStardog
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