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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Prometheus vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemDistributed, high-performance timeseries database
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.21
Rank#322  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerprometheus.ioquasar.ai
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerprometheus.io/­docsdoc.quasar.ai/­master
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftquasardb
Initial release20122014201920152009
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedLinux
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data onlyyes infointeger and binary
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexednoyes infowith tags
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infoconsistent hashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoby FederationSource-replica replication with selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyesyes infoby using LevelDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes infoTransient mode
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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More resources
Apache DruidLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPrometheusQuasardb
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