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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb

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NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCloud-based data warehousing serviceFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehouseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsIBMMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release2012201420191984
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases7.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedhostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPL/SQL, SQL PLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle Rdb
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