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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#205  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score5.52
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.geomesa.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCCRi and othersMicrosoftMicrosoftMireo
Initial release20122014201520192020
Current release29.0.1, April 20245.0.0, May 2024V1cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache License 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-baseddepending on storage layerSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesdepending on storage layeryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nodepending on storage layernonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageyes infousing Azure authenticationAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Apache DruidGeoMesaMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTime
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