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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Rockset

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlrockset.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.rockset.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftHughes TechnologiesRockset
Initial release20122012201919942019
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesdynamic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono infoingestion from XML files supported
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersRead-only SQL queries, including JOINs
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneAutomatic sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

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More resources
Apache DruidFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLRockset
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