DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Snowflake vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. Snowflake vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.snowflake.com

trino.io

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Elastic

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2010

2014

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

8.6, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

yes

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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News

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

Time travel in Delta Lake connector
11 April 2024

58: Understanding your users with Trino and Mitzu
4 April 2024

57: Seeing clearly with OpenTelemetry
14 March 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.