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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score7.36
Rank#53  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.exasol.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.exasol.com/­resourcesfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsExasolGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2012200020172019
Current release29.0.1, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
hostedhosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyes, with Cloud Functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationUsing Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Azure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache DruidEXASOLGoogle Cloud FirestoreMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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