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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Ultipa

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Ultipa

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonUltipa  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformHigh performance Graph DBMS supporting HTAP high availability cluster deployment
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#330  Overall
#30  Graph DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.ultipa.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.ultipa.com/­document
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftUltipa
Initial release2012201820192019
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.0.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
server-lesshosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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Apache DruidDuckDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerUltipa
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