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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgduckdb.orgwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.stardog.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designduckdb.org/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.stardog.comweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCirconus LLC.Stardog-UnionWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20122018201720102019
Current release29.0.1, April 20240.10, February 2024V0.10.20, January 20187.3.0, May 20201.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++JavaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
server-lessLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes, in Luauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnononoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneAutomatic, metric affinity per nodenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnonoAccess rights for users and rolesAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidDuckDBIRONdbStardogWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidDuckDBIRONdbStardogWeaviate
DB-Engines blog posts

Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support
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