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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgduckdb.orgwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.stardog.comtrino.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designduckdb.org/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.stardog.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCirconus LLC.Stardog-UnionTrino Software Foundation
Initial release20122018201720102012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 20240.10, February 2024V0.10.20, January 20187.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
server-lessLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes, in Luauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnononoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneAutomatic, metric affinity per nodenonedepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareMulti-source replication in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnonoAccess rights for users and rolesSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidDuckDBIRONdbStardogTrino
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Apache DruidDuckDBIRONdbStardogTrino
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