DBMS > Apache Druid vs. DolphinDB vs. RDF4J vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. DolphinDB vs. RDF4J vs. Vertica

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Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

DolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.85
Rank	#96	Overall
	#50	Relational DBMS
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.72
Rank	#100	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	0.72
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	9.62
Rank	#42	Overall
	#26	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.dolphindb.cn/en/help200/index.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

vertica.com/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

DolphinDB, Inc

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Initial release

2012

2018

2004

2005

Current release

30.0.0, June 2024

v2.00.4, January 2022

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

free community version available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Limited community edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

RDF Schemas

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust

Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

horizontal partitioning

none

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

none

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Administrators, Users, Groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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