DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. JSqlDb vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. JSqlDb vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

JSqlDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Well established RDBMS

JavaScript Query Language Database, stores JavaScript objects and primitives

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

dgraph.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

jsqldb.org (offline)

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

dgraph.io/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Actian Corporation

Konrad von Backstrom

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2012

2016

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2018

2014

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

11.2, May 2022

0.8, December 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

yes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Synchronous replication via Raft

Ingres Replicator

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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