DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. IRONdb vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. IRONdb vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.29
Rank	#95	Overall
	#49	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#231	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

druid.apache.org

dgraph.io

www.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

dgraph.io/docs

docs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Circonus LLC.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2016

2017

2004

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

V0.10.20, January 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

text, numeric, histograms

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, in Lua

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

yes

Automatic, metric affinity per node

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Synchronous replication via Raft

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Planned for future releases

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