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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. DuckDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. DuckDB vs. IRONdb vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbyduckdb.orgwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.stardog.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlduckdb.org/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software FoundationCirconus LLC.Stardog-Union
Initial release20121997201820172010
Current release29.0.1, April 202410.17.1.0, November 20230.10, February 2024V0.10.20, January 20187.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C and C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMserver-lessLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Proceduresnoyes, in Luauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesnonoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednonenoneAutomatic, metric affinity per nodenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replicationnoneconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDuckDBIRONdbStardog
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