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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCognitectMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20122012201620172016
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.0.7075, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojureC++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQLno
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidDatomicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDbToroDB
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