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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataDistributed Database based on LuceneFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#11  Vector DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcratedb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcratedb.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCrateMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2012201320192018
Current release30.0.0, June 20245.8.1, August 2024cloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supporthostedLinux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemrights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache DruidCrateDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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