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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCockroach LabsMicrosoftSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release2012201520191992
Current release29.0.1, April 202423.1.1, May 2023cloud service with continuous releases17, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supporteddynamic schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidCockroachDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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