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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. CockroachDB vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCockroach LabsExasolGoogle
Initial release2012201520002017
Current release29.0.1, April 202423.1.1, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supporteddynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedhorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Apache DruidCockroachDBEXASOLGoogle Cloud Spanner
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