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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. FeatureBase vs. Hive vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. FeatureBase vs. Hive vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFeatureBase  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLReal-time database platform that powers real-time analytics and machine learning applications by simultaneously executing low-latency, high-throughput, and highly concurrent workloads.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#292  Overall
#135  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.featurebase.comhive.apache.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comdocs.featurebase.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMolecula and Pilosa Open Source ContributorsApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookOpenLink Software
Initial release20122010201720121998
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.1, December 20182022, May 20223.1.3, April 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCGoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
LinuxLinux
macOS
All OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL queriesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesselectable replication factorChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using Linux fsyncyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCitusFeatureBaseHiveVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache DruidCitusFeatureBaseHiveVirtuoso
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